Self-Modification Behavior to Cope With Panic Attacks

Self-Modification Behavior to Cope With Panic Attacks Panic Disorder Coping Print How Self-Modification Can Help Lessen Panic Attack Behaviors By Sheryl Ankrom linkedin Sheryl Ankrom is a clinical professional counselor and nationally certified clinical mental health counselor specializing in anxiety disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Sheryl Ankrom Updated on February 07, 2020 Rutherhagen, Peter / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Coping Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Self-modification programs focus on helping people manage unwanted or dysfunctional behavioral responses when dealing with their problems. For example, if you have panic attacks as a result of panic disorder (PD), a common dysfunctional behavioral response is avoidance. Unfortunately, avoiding fearful situations does nothing to help in your recovery from PD. In order for a self-modification program to be successful, you must first take a careful inventory of your current behavior patterns to discover how you deal with anxiety and panic. For example, do you avoid going to the mall because you fear a panic attack will cause you embarrassment? Or, perhaps you keep to yourself in social situations out of fear that others may discover your “panic secret.” Steps to Beginning a Self-Modification Program You can begin a self-modification program by following these basic steps. Establish Realistic Goals Many times goals are unfulfilled because of unrealistic expectations or because a person lacks the necessary skills for their achievement. For example: Betty has not been able to drive for the past four years due to recurrent panic attacks. She is fortunate to have a wonderful support person who provides her with transportation. Unrealistic Goal: Drive by herself on the expressway to attend a family function in two weeks. Realistic Goal: Drive two blocks to a local store, with a support person by her side, in one month. Identify Target Behaviors Look at your goals to identify what behavioral changes need to take place in order for your goals to be accomplished. Identify what obstacles may impact your ability to make these changes and form some possible solutions. For example: Lou has been experiencing panic attacks for 6 months. He used to enjoy socializing with friends and family. But since his panic attacks began, he finds himself making excuses to avoid being in social situations that trigger his anxiety and panic responses. In this example, the target behavior is avoidance. Lou will need to put himself into those situations that he fears. In order for this to be successful, he will need to learn and practice some coping techniques, such as: Positive self-talk or affirmationsThought stoppingDeep breathingProgressive muscle relaxation (PMR) Self-Monitor Observing your own behavior is a necessary part of any self-modification program. To do this, it is best to keep a panic diary to record the triggers of your anxiety and panic, your behaviors and the resulting consequences. Create a Plan for Change This becomes your action plan. You start by making a list of your feared situations. Then put yourself into the least feared situation and use the techniques mentioned above to help you cope with your panic triggers. As you practice your action plan, the goal is to become desensitized to the situations that produce your fear and panic responses. Evaluate Your Action Plan Is your action plan getting you toward your goals? If not, it is necessary to make some revisions. Evaluation of your plan should be an ongoing process. It’s not uncommon to find what will work for you through a trial and error process. And, behavioral changes often take time and practice. Don’t be discouraged if your first attempts don’t work right away or give you immediate results. Keep trying, and you’ll likely find what works for you.

The Ballot Or The Bullet Essay - 2053 Words

Malcolm X’s â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† was one of the most significant and powerful speeches delivered during the Civil Rights era. X, an advocate for civil rights, was also an influential leader who sought to end the complete and utter degradation of Black Americans. Conflicting with the peaceful and nonviolent Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who was another important leader at his time, X believed in using any means necessary, including violence, to accomplish his goals. Because of his controversial methods, X was seen as a radical, causing many to disagree with his tactics. Without a doubt, X was definitely a great leader and excellent orator, regardless of his disputable views. He understood the influence of language and used that to his own advantage, as he created and delivered an inspiring speech to achieve his purpose. In â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet,† X’s appeal to emotion, critical tone, and his overall consideration of his audience convinces Black Americans to hasten their fight for equality. Before becoming a well-known and influential speaker, X lived a life full of crime and little purpose. During the earlier years of his childhood, X grew up in a household where Black pride was prominent. He was born on May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska to Earl and Louise Little, who were activists in the Universal Negro Improvement Association. His parents were active followers of Marcus Garvey, and this definitely had its part in shaping X’s views when he grew older. When X was stillShow MoreRelatedThe Ballot Or The Bullet Essay1869 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"The Ballot or The Bullet† and â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail† are both refutes of social, economic, and civil injustice in America. The two letters are written by revolutionary activists of civil rights, Martin Luther King, and Malcom X, both written with in a year of one another. Malcom X, author of â€Å"The Ballot or The Bullet’ is known for being a support of the black nationalist, and dances on the line of encouraging violence in search for equality. Whereas, Martin Luther, author of Letters fromRead MoreThe Ballot Or The Bullet Speech1354 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ballot or the Bullet speech addressed by Malcolm X, a well-known black nationalist, sought to persuade those of color that the only way to overcome the civil-rights struggle was to give it a new explanation, being the ballot or the bullet. Throughout the speech he expresses his deep dismay in the black community’s ongoing conflict of political oppression, economic exploitation, and social humiliation. Through ethos, logos, and pathos Malcolm made his audience re-evaluate their existing visionRead MoreAnalysis Of The Ballot Or The Bullet1238 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"It’ll be ballots or it’ll be bullets. It’ll be liberty, or it will be death.† Malcolm X delivered â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet,† one of the most inspiring and empowering speeches to ever be spoken on American soil, on April 3, 1964. Two thousand people, including his friends as well as his enemies, came to watch the black civil rights activist speak about black nationalism during the election year. He stressed individual uplift, moral reform, and entrepreneurship. He used this speech as a call toRead MoreThe Dream and the Ballot or the Bullet1038 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Dream and the Ballot or the Bullet In the 1950s and 1960s in America, the equality of man envisioned by the Declaration of Independence was far from a reality. Martin Luther King Jr., a Baptist minister delivered his famous speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† August 28th, 1963 in Washington DC. He is credited with mobilizing supporters of desegregation and prompted the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Malcolm X delivered his famous speech â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† on April 12th, 1964 in Detroit. Though many peopleRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Ballot Or The Bullet706 Words   |  3 PagesRhetorical Analysis: â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† by Malcolm X The 1960s were a tumultuous time in American history, where many Americans were rejecting the status quo, and advocating for the advancement of their rights. The feminist movement, Native Americans, Mexican Americans, and African Americans were all making noise and calling for change. Malcolm X, who at that point was mostly known through his work with the Nation of Islam, had had a falling out with the NOI, and after a pilgrimage to MeccaRead MoreThe Ballot Or The Bullet By Malcolm X1352 Words   |  6 Pagesmovement brought about reform and change that made people of all races and ethnicities equal in society; however, some 60 to 70 years later, there is struggle for true equality for all races and ethnicities in America. In Malcolm X’s speech â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet,† Malcolm X believes that civil rights are human rights, and all African Americans are â€Å"justified in seeking civil rights, if it means equality of opportunity†(Malcolm X 362). When usi ng Malcolm X’s definition of civil/human rights, it isRead MoreMalcolm X And The Ballot Or The Bullet1557 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1960’s, in America, was a time of cultural and racial divide. This sentiment is no more evident than in Malcolm X’s â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† speech. In this speech, Malcolm X demanded that his audience should take action against their government leaders. He proposed that there were only two options to resolve this issue, the ballot or the bullet. Malcolm X delivered this iconic speech on April 3rd, 1964 at Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio (Novak 35; Terrill 35). This meeting was sponsoredRead MoreThe Ballot Or The Bullet By Malcolm X1222 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1964 Malcolm X delivered a speech titled ‘The Ballot or the Bullet† aimed to reach the poor black people of America. Born May 19, 1925 one of nine children, to a Baptist preacher whose was hit by a street car, and whose death was said to have possibly been a murder by white people, Malcom X was raised by his mother until she was institutionalized. After being put in foster care, and having issues in school, Malcom dropped out of school and became a troubled teen. A drug dealer, street hustlerRead MoreEssay on Malcom Xs The Ballot of the Bullet1654 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1964, Malcolm X gave a speech entitled â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† which described how African Americans should fight for civil-rights in America. Malcolm X emphasizes the importance of voting as a solution to ending discrimination against African Americans. He addresses both the poor voting decisions and also the denial of legitimate voting rights to African Americans. Because elections had been so narrowly decided in recent elections, the Black vote is the deciding factor in elections. WhitesRead MoreThe Ballot Or The Bullet By Malcolm X1151 Words   |  5 PagesMuslim minister and a human rights activist, was executed by men from the Black Muslim Movement cult that he had recently left for good. An analysis of Malcolm X’s earlier debate with Bayard Rustin (1962) in comparison to his later speech â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† (1964) acknowledges his idol worship of Elijah Muhammad in the Black Muslim Movement and documents his transformation into an enlightened and open-minded Civil Rights Leader before his tragic assassination. The speeches allow us to follow

The Great Gatsby - 1080 Words

The Great Gatsby Don’t judge a book by its cover. In the novel The Great Gatsby, an aura of lies becomes an outward appearance. Gatsby creates a false background which is believed by most characters. Also, Gatsby pretends to be prestigious through the schedule he makes modeled after Benjamin Franklin’s virtuous schedule. Furthermore, Gatsby is a parallel to Biloxi such that he is the epitome of what Gatsby wants to be. Jay Gatsby puts on a mask of lies to court Daisy as shown by his false origin, his mockery of Benjamin Franklin, and his parallel to Blocks Biloxi. Gatsby’s false background creates a whole new persona known as Jay Gatsby made up so to win Daisy over. Arnold Weinstein writes â€Å"Gatsby’s false truth is projected†¦show more content†¦Gatsby pretends to be someone he is not as shown through the character foil of Blocks Biloxi. â€Å"Biloxi is the image Gatsby strives to be like, the complete self-made man† (Weinstein 34). Gatsby sees Biloxi and wants to be like him. Also, Biloxi foils Gatsby in a way to make the reader think more of how Gatsby is a fake. Biloxi’s job creates a metaphor for Gatsby. â€Å"Biloxi made boxes which contain whatever fictive meaning we insert in them† (Weinstein 35). Gatsby’s life contains whatever fiction he wants. Gatsby and Biloxi parallel in other ways as well. â€Å"Biloxi is in Tennessee, which can only have ‘left’ Mississippi in the same way San Francisco ‘moved’ to the Middle West† (Weinstein 35). Gats by and Biloxi parallel each other because they both lie about their former location. Once again Gatsby appears to create his own life instead of living it. Arnold Weinstein wrote that â€Å"’Blocks’ own tale of his past force and ‘constructive’ reader to think of that other inventor of his past, Jay Gatsby† (35). Biloxi foils Gatsby by making the reader think more about the unreal truth in which Gatsby projects to everyone around him. Throughout the entire novel, Jay Gatz has put on a show for everyone else. He rids himself of the truth; of Jay Gatz. Jay Gatsby puts on a mask of lies to court Daisy as shown by his false origin, hisShow MoreRelated Great Gatsby1497 Words   |  6 PagesIn chapter 3 of The Great Gatsby Nick is invited to one of Gatsby’s extravagant parties. He arrives only to find he doesn’t know where Gatsby is, and then he runs into Jordan Baker. Together they set off to find Gatsby and they head to the library where they find â€Å"Owl Eyes†, a drunken man trying to get sober. After talking to â€Å"Owl Eyes† for awhile they head outside again where Nick unknowingly starts a conversation with Gatsby. After revealing himself, Gatsby tells Jordan that he would like to speakRead MoreThe Great Gatsby1168 Words   |  5 Pagesone must be born into it. Therefore in The Great Gatsby, by F-Scott Fitzgerald, Gatsby fails to join the old money club because he exhibits his wealth to society. Gatsby possessions provides an indicator that he purchases items with eye appeal and flashiness which Old money typically never buys in order to impress or show off to others. They prefer to buy small non-noticeable items that skilled eyes will only know the true value of the merchandise. Gatsby on the other hand purchased a huge houseRead MoreThe Great Gatsby2449 Words   |  10 PagesI glanced seaward – and distinguished nothing except a single green light Possibly F. Scott Fitzgeralds masterpiece, The Great Gatsby is not just a magnificent story, but a lesson of societys flaws during the roaring 1920s. Fitzgeralds story creates an atmosphere of superficiality, dissatisfaction and dishonesty by the description of each character. With the economical growth, and the immoral society of the 1920’s ultimately brought corruption to desire of the American Dream and the chanceRead MoreThe Great Gatsby806 Words   |  3 Pagesthey smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money...and let other people clean up the mess they had made... (P. 179). During the 20s, many peoples American dream was to go out, party and be free, the roaring 20s. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is an explanation of how people acted. People went to parties, lived in luxurious homes, criticized each other, and wanted to achieve their dream by trying to live it. The Wilson marriage is a failure because its one-sidedRead MoreThe Grea t Gatsby647 Words   |  3 Pagesunderstand the book. Endings of books are usually there to bring the novel to a close and deliver a life lesson at the end. All of the concepts and themes are in the body of the book and are well presented depending on the author. 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The device of giving Nick the function of narrator lends psychic distance from the story. Nick is part of the action, yet he is not one of the principals. He shares some of the emotions and is in a position to interpret those of the others. However, the happens are not center on him. 2. What kind of relationship exists between Nick and the Buchanans? It is completely superficial. He speaks of themRead MoreThe Great Gatsby 565 Words   |  2 PagesIn the book The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Daisy Buchanan is a perplexing character. She is charming and pretty, yet her personality is almost robotic. Daisy has no sincere emotions; she only knows social graces and self-preservation. A materialistic society makes Daisy a jaded person who lacks any real depth. Gatsby remembers Daisy as the pretty girl from North Dakota he fell in love with when he was in the military. He soon sees that she is different, although he denies it, even toRead MoreNarratology in The Great Gatsby1308 Words   |  6 PagesFitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby demonstrates what Marie-Laure Ryan, H. Porter Abbott and David Herman state about what narratology should be. These theorists emphasize the importance of conflict, human experience, gaps and consciousness, among many other elements, in order for a story to be considered a narrative. The Great Gatsby shows these elements throughout the book in an essential way. This makes the reader become intrigued and desperate to know what will happen next. The Great Gatsby is unpredictableRead MoreModernism In The Great Gatsby1728 Words   |  7 Pages Modernism in The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a novel by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows the story of Jay Gatsby in the Jazz Age of the United States. 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Global Resource Dividend Free Essays

string(106) " six billion human beings, 790 million lack adequate nutrition, one billion lack access to safe water, 2\." Pogge argues that the world poverty is morally required and that we fail to fulfill our negative duties relating the global poor. However, Pogge’s advisability on the solution of the global poverty is not good for moral problem but this view will be discussed some other time on a different paper. Poggie gives three main approaches to the global poverty to convince people to let them know that poverty is bad and that people must make actions to go against the poverty. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Resource Dividend or any similar topic only for you Order Now The three approaches are 1) the effects of shared institutions, 2) uncompensated exclusion from the use of natured resources 3) the effects of a common and violent history and they are all compatible with each other. They basically require that better off people are responsible to make actions to make worse off people better. Throughout this essay, I will be defending and focusing on the view of injustice of radical inequality which not only does it exist but also is unjust. This view goes with the Second approach, which is compatible with redeems, and the rest of the approaches will be left for another time. Poverty is avoidable but there are many moral reasons we can prevent or make the poverty that we have on earth less. Radical inequality and responsibility are part of the many reasons why people face poverty in the world. Pogge gives five elements of the radical inequality, which each are defined below. 1) â€Å"The worse-off are very badly off in absolute terms†- People who belong to this term are not comparable to anybody. They are extremely bad off. They almost have no access to anything; healthcare, food, etc which lead to a death. Why do we have such big groups of people in this term? First, because of the government, institutions and the people themselves. Government does not support those poor people as much as they should. Government does not provide health care for this people. Government does not give enough food for this people. Government does not make enough actions to become powerful. Why? Because the leaders get the money and be better off by themselves. Not only does the government affects this poverty but also the people have no motivation to become better off. Since their lives are horrible, some people give up on their lives and become unmotivated. ) They are also very badly off in relative term-Africa is an example of this term, which they are worse off than America. Some kids are born in a poor family and they continue to be poor for the rest of their lives in Africa. Because of the parents are poor, they don’t usually do better than how their parents do. Kids are unable to go to school to get an education, which an education is actually the key to a better life. Since they don’t get a chance to go to school, kids work under harsh conditions in absolute terms. Whereas, the kids in the US are better off than those in Africa. They go to college, get an education and try to achieve success. They have the base for a better life. However, the kids in Africa don’t even have the base to live better off. 3) â€Å"The inequality is impervious: it is difficult or impossible for the worse-off substantially to improve their lot; and most of the better-off never experience life at the bottom for even a few months and have no vivid idea of what it is like to live in that way† (Pogge, pg 60)- This is very true. First, nothing improves rapidly, usually takes certain time to become better. Africa is the example of that as well. If Africa gets a donation on the amount of preventing its poverty, it doesn’t mean they will totally become a better off nation. They will more likely face the poverty again in the next few years. In order to understand this term, the better off people should imagine putting themselves in worse off people’s situation and think how it would be like for them. For example, my father was in a worse off life when he was very young. He had 4 sisters and a brother. My grandmother raised all of them by herself since my grandfather passed away at an age of 33. They were all raised in poverty. My dad hated to live in that situation so he tried so hard to get over that horrible poverty. My dad always tells his young life story to us which he would go mountains to pick some onions and sell it to the people at the market. Poverty is avoidable, it in one point depends on the person whether he will walk forward or stay poor. Therefore, from my father’s true story, I kind of have sense of how bad the poverty is and that we must follow our positive duty. ) â€Å"The inequality is pervasive: it concerns not merely some aspects of life, such as the climate or access to natural beauty or high culture, but most aspects or all†. (Poggie, pg 60) 5) â€Å"The inequality is avoidable: the better off can improve the circumstances of the worse-off without becoming badly-off themselves. †. (Poggie, pg 60). Yes, the inequality is avoidable. Howe ver, people who have a better life than those worse-off should take responsibility to make worse off a better off. Every human kind should live fairly. There should not be inequality among us. For example, today I was in my Environmental Studies class and there was the fact that Canada has 0. 5% of the world’s population but uses 20% of the world’s fresh water. On the other hand, China owns 19% of the world’s population and uses 7% of the world’s fresh water. We definitely can see the inequality here that makes Pogge’s 5th element of radical inequality accurate. Radical inequality not only does it exist, but also it is unjust. According to Pogge’s research, among six billion human beings, 790 million lack adequate nutrition, one billion lack access to safe water, 2. You read "Global Resource Dividend" in category "Essay examples" billion lack basic sanitation and two hundred and fifty million children who are between 5-14 years old work under harsh or cruel conditions. (Pogge, pg 60). Pogge gives two ways of conceiving global poverty, which are positive duty and negative duty. Positive duty is basically when we think that we must m ake actions for others whereas negative duty is we must not make actions for others. If we are better off, we have to follow the positive duty to make others who are worse off to make them better off without hurting ourselves. In Africa, some people don’t even have an access to fresh water whereas we, in the US, waste the fresh water a lot by not knowing its beneficent value. Instead of wasting that valuable water, why don’t we let those worse off use it? We are all living under the same God, thus we have to live evenly. However, some will think, why should I have to help a stranger and give away from my own life to someone who doesn’t belong to me at all? This is not the case and that the person is violating the positive duty. Helping someone in need is not just helping; we make a whole difference to his life. If we put ourselves in that person’s shoes; can’t drink fresh water, no opportunity to work, always stay starving, always distressed, can’t even sleep restfully, and so much more negative things, it is totally horrible and no one would want to live in that situation. Therefore, the stranger or whatever is not the case. We have to make actions for poor to make them better off by thinking what if it was we who lived in that situation. Radical inequality is unjust and it is wrong. The better off people have been taken more than their fair share. If there is a full of diamond inside the cave and that doesn’t belong to anybody, the better off try to take all of them, instead trying to share with other worse off people. It doesn’t mean that they can’t take what they want, but they also have to leave some for others as well so that the other people can live better than living worse off. In that way, the worse will not be living unjustly badly off. A better off and a worse off stand in front of the giant box with a full of jewelries and that the better off grabs them all, giving nothing to a worse off. The rich guy will keep it and die at the end by only living better off by himself. The worse off ends up starving and suffering. Instead of that, if the better off also gives some from the jewelries to the worse off, then he will keep the poor from suffer and starvation by not hurting himself. Therefore, if someone is not becoming worse off himself, then he must make actions to share with the worse off. Radical Inequality exists all over the world and it is bad. The people in Bengali suffer from hunger or chronic undernutrition because they cannot grow or buy enough food to meet their basic needs. In addition, those people suffer from chronic malnutrition, which is a deficiency of protein that makes them weak and vulnerable to diseases. Due to that, 250,000-500,000 children who are younger than 6 years old go blind every year because of a lack of Vitamin A and more than half of those kids die after a year. On the other hand, 68% of the Americans are overweight and they have problems with overnutririon, which happens due to an excessive energy use, or body fat. In the world, approximately, 925 million people have health problems because of not enough nutrition, whereas about 1. billion people face health problems because they get excessive nutrition and fat. Therefore, those who are under overnutrition die due to heart diseases, stroke etc. The injustice of the inequality is definitely shown in this example and we can see how bad it is. Instead, why not overnutrition people make actions for those undernutrition people, because the overnutrition people are not hurting or becomin g worse off by themselves but helping to get healthier. This is the part of the current situations that are taking place in the world and is unjust. I am going to convince you by giving my claim that why you should give away to the worse off to make them better off. It is the responsibility of the better offs to make worse off to live better and the better off people must consider this seriously. Since the better off owns what is not owned by anybody by not leaving some for the worse off, then they must take responsibiltity for the worse off or take only some from their fair shares. Why judge a poor by lazy? People in Africa are not lazy but they do not have the base to live better. Due to the famine, a lot of people get serious diseases and become disabled to work. It doesn’t mean they are lazy to work. They don’t get enough health care to prevent their diseases or have good hospitals that make treatments for them. Africa doesn’t even get enough access to a freshwater for all their citizens. Whereas, people in Canada, America waste the water while brushing their tooth, having shower, or even watering their gardens. As I mentioned above, Canada owns only 0. 5% of the world’s population but uses 20% of the world’s fresh water. Instead, people in Canada must take responsibility to reduce their use of fresh water and let the worse off use it efficiently. People in well-developed countries just don’t really know the value of the water and also because the government does not charge the water with its external costs, people think that the water is there all the time they need and they don’t have to care much as how people in Africa values it. If one family in America saves their use of water by only 20%, it will give 10 families an access to a freshwater in Africa. A little action makes a huge difference. Religion is another reason why people make actions for the poor. Whether a person believes in God or not, a God does exist. A person can be Christian, Muslim, Buddhist, Shaman, Mormon, or Catholic, but there is only one God. By helping the poor, a person is blessed by the God and he/she feels morally good. There are many people who don’t believe in God on earth, but they will challenge it once they go to the other world. Some people help to a certain point where they feel that the poor must learn to help themselves. That way, better off people will let the poor understand why they are helping them and how they got to where they are now so that the poor can change themselves. Making actions for the poor should have its boundary, if they are keep being helped; it’s leading them to a harm than a good. Therefore, religion takes a huge part when it comes to make actions for the poor. To go to a better level on the other side of the world, people should follow what God wants them to do which includes try making the worse off a better off. Poverty is unjust. Do we have an obligation to radical inequality? This is a question that is related to moral principles. The better off people do have an obligation to the radical inequality and as I mentioned above, the better off must be responsible trying the worse off to live in a better situation. Because, better off people have been taken more than their fair shares. The combination of empirical fact and moral principle involves suffering but the better off can prevent this from not happening by making actions for the worse off to lift them up. Radical inequality is unjust and it exists but the solution is that the better off must be responsible for making the worse off a better off by not hurting themselves. Pogge’s Global Resource Dividend is not a good solution to prevent poverty in worse off country but as I said this issue will be discussed some other time. Justice requires the solution. If my arguments were convincing, then people should radiate the poor; thinking of their fair shares and because it is part of what God wants us to do to go to a better level on the other side of the world. How to cite Global Resource Dividend, Essay examples

Leading and Managing People in Education

Question: Discuss about the Leading and Managing People in Education. Answer: Introduction The report essentially focuses on understanding the job analysis and descriptions carried out based on the Weberian Model. It also focuses on understanding the job descriptions and analysis associated with the emergence of flexible work structures and work schedules. The report also aims to conduct job analysis for staffs operating in a 24/7 work environment and also in a multitasking environment. Finally, the paper also aims to underline the job analysis and descriptions for graduates required to work as innovators in different firms. The growth of complexity of the business environment with also the reduced availability of effective staffs requires the business institutions to effectively train and enhance the productivity of the existing tasks such that the same contributes in meeting of departmental and business objectives within an effective period. Moreover, the business institutions are also required to enhance their productivity and efficiency patterns for addressing the changing and emerging needs of the customers. The same requires the firms for formulating effective job analysis and descriptions for recruiting the right type of employees in the organisation (Kaur, 2013). Job Analysis and the Weberian Model The Bureaucratic Model rendered by Max Weber essentially divides the total work into a number of simple jobs. Further the Weberian Model essentially focuses on the development of specialised departments that essentially cater to the meeting of specific functions and business processes. The departments are required to be effectively constituted by staffs and managers possessing specialised knowledge, skills and expertise that would contribute in meeting the objectives of the specialised tasks(Ritzer, 2014). The existence of an increased degree of work specialisation in the firm rightly contributes in enhancing the efficiency and productivity level of the business institution. The identification and generation of specialised job roles in the business institution rightly required the business managers to essentially focus on recruiting personnel possessing specialised skills, proficiencies and abilities for addressing the objectives of the specialised job roles and departments(Greene S chriver, 2016). Emergence of Handy and Flexible Structures The emergence of handy and flexible organisation structures that can be changed over a time period requires the recruitment of personnel possessing multitasking abilities. The personnel recruited and required to work in a flexible work environment would be required to handle other sets of tasks other than those specified over the job descriptions. They are required to act in a versatile manner in any given situation. Moreover, operating in a flexible work setting would also require the personnel to work for long working hours. They are also required to act in a flexible fashion for effectively adapting to the changes brought about in the work schedules like working in different types of shifts. The work description would thus indicate both on the multitasking abilities and also ability to work in various shifts from the interviewees(Rose, 2014). Again, the development of handy and flexible work structures also requires the individual employees and staffs to have needed knowledge relating to different types of systems and software used by the firm. The same would help them in employing the systems and software for operating in an organised fashion. The job roles thus require working knowledge of systems and software for the new recruits (Nasermoadeli, Ling, Severi, 2013). A flexible organisation and work structure also contributes in generating increased exposure to the staffs and managers for growing with the firm. The job descriptions and roles thus encourage the staffs to grow up the organisational ladder. Finally, the flexible and handy work environment also requires the staffs to work in a autonomous and independent fashion irrespective of any location and time for adequately serving the different types of work or task descriptions. It requires the staffs to show their ownerships regarding the accomplishment of projects in an effective fashion(Leung, 2016). Impact of Multi-Tasking on Job Analysis The multitasking abilities are required when particular staffs are required to conduct a job that can be essentially divided along more than one specific task head. Further, multitask description is also employed in situations where the task variables also vary with respect to the conducting of the tasks. The job analysis worksheet is required thereby to highlight and reflect on the different roles that are required to be played by a staff in ideally fulfilling the multitask roles. The same is illustrated as under. During the interview process the multitasking abilities of individual staffs can be effectively gauged by an interviewer based on asking different questions like the different types of tasks or roles that can be played by the employee at a specified period. The interviewer also focuses on understanding the fashion the interviewee tends to prioritise the different work functions while also aims to employ reduced amount of resources and generates effective decision masking to fulfil the different task roles in an effective fashion. Further, individual job analysis in multitasking functions or projects also require the manner the individual reflects the ability of identifying and in countering the different type of hurdles that tend to emerge in the course of project accomplishment. Examples of multitasking are like an advertisement posted by the Maryland for a state level manager requiring an individual with needed knowledge of computer, strong interpersonal and organisational skills a nd also knowledge for project planning to adequately fit in the multitasking role (Nelson Quick, 2013). Role of Job Analysis in the 24/7 Work Environment The job descriptions for employees like technical and customer support representatives operating in a 24/7 operating environment are essentially divided along essential functions or tasks needed to be done, the qualifications and expertise needed of the employees and also the conditions of the work required to be met. In terms of job responsibilities, the employees operating in a 24/7 operating environment are required to deliver effective service through the use of both telephones and other types of internet enabled devices and gadgets. Again, the employees are also required to maintain effective interactions with customers for helping in effective handling of queries and resolving their problems and concerns (Evanschitzky, Ramaseshan, Woisetschlger, Richelsen, Blut, Backhaus, 2012). The staffs are also required to effectively resolve problems associated to internet connectivity and other technical issues faced by the customers and thereby in emailing clients the status of the problems. Similarly, other job descriptions also include like requiring using given resources for researching the different problems and prioritising significant issues to thereby escalate them to higher authority for steady and effective resolution (Hollebeek, 2011). The customer servicing and technical staffs likewise are also required to generate alternative solutions to the customers such that the same contributes in retaining prospective clients to the business institution. The 24/7 staffs are also required to be updated with changes in policies and also other updates such that the same can be effectively communicated to the customers. They are also required to effectively record the calls through the use of tracking software for it can be used later for training purposes (Saks et al., 2010). The 24/7 staffs are required to possess effective writing and verbal communication skills such that the same helps in effectively communicating with the clients, colleagues and also senior organisational members within the firm. Further, they are required to have an effective knowledge of computers and also regarding different software packages. Most importantly the staffs are required to have effective listening skills in that the same would help them in addressing the needs of the client groups in a specific fashion. Graduates Expected to Work as Innovators For graduates required to work as innovators the Job Role identified is like Innovation Graduates and Creative Designers. The incumbent is required to have an effective knowledge of programming and skills required and other knowledge areas related to computer applications for designing. Apart from possessing an effective knowledge of design and innovation based in computers the incumbents are also required to have effective knowledge of numeracy skills and also requires needed ability for operating and collaborating with other co-workers and team members. The incumbent is required to work in a collaborative fashion with other organisational members for fulfilment of departmental and institutional goals (Phil Klaus Maklan, 2013). The incumbent is required to work in an independent fashion for meeting of personal deadlines regarding completion of innovation and creative design projects. Further, the innovation and creative graduates are also required to reflect effective organisational skills and also needed ability to prioritise the different functions. The graduate staffs are also required to have needed knowledge relating to standard and effective Information and Communication Technology packages in that the same helps in effective administration, planning and delivery functions (Bush Middlewood, 2013). Conclusions The analysis reflects that job descriptions based on Webers Bureaucratic Model essentially prioritised relating to the development of specialised skill sets and functions which in turn required the recruitment of personnel having needed competencies and skill sets for addressing the different job roles. The emergence of a flexible work environment in turn required the recruitment of staffs having multitasking abilities such that they can help in addressing the needs of different roles and functions in a synchronised fashion. Further, the job descriptions also reflected requirement of staffs to work for more than normal working hours in a flexible work setting. Versatility is identified to be essential prerequisite for staffs required to work in a flexible work setting. The staffs are also required to work in an autonomous fashion while working in an independent work environment. Staffs are also required to work in a self motivated fashion such that the expertise and proficiencies reflected by them would help them gain an effective place in the organisational hierarchy. The analysis of the job roles in the multitasking environment requires the staffs to have efficient knowledge and expertise for having needed ability regarding achievement of departmental and business objectives with reduced resources. Further, a job analysis sheet is also reflected for the event such that it reflects on the variation associated with the different tasks and the resources required to be employed by the staffs for fulfilling stated objectives. The job or task analysis in a multitasking environment also requires the identification of job hurdles and the modes of countering such by the incumbents. The analysis of the staff roles for a 24/7 environment is analysed in the report based on analysing the case of support and technical staffs involved in customer care firms. Different types of prerequisites regarding their qualification and proficiencies and also the demand for tasks relating to the job roles are identified. Finally, the paper also reflects on job descriptions associated with the recruitment of graduates for accomplishment of technical and creative projects. It also reflects the different qualifications, proficiencies and skill base of the graduates required to fulfil the objectives of the roles requiring innovation and creativity. It also highlights the requirements of the job roles of the graduate required to work as an innovator in the firms. References Phil Klaus, P. Maklan, S., 2013. Towards a better measure of customer. International Journal of Market Research , pp.227-46. Bergin, C.C. Bergin, D.A., 2014. Child and Adolescent Development in Your Classroom. United States : Cengage Learning. Bush, T. Middlewood, D., 2013. Leading and Managing People in Education. United Kingdom : SAGE. Evanschitzky, H. et al., 2012. Consequences of customer loyalty to the loyalty program and to the company. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , pp.625-38. Greene, R.R. Schriver, J.M., 2016. Handbook of Human Behavior and the Social Environment: A Practice-Based Approach. United Kingdom : Transaction Publishers. Hollebeek, L.D., 2011. Demystifying customer brand engagement: Exploring the loyalty nexus. Journal of Marketing Management, pp.785807. Kaur, A., 2013. Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory: Applications and Criticisms. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(10), pp.1061-64. Leung, I., 2016. "Fast-Paced" and "Flexible:" What Job Descriptions Really Mean. [Online] Available at: https://www.themuse.com/advice/fastpaced-and-flexible-what-job-descriptions-really-mean [Accessed 5 December 2016]. Nasermoadeli, A., Ling, K.C. Severi, E., 2013. Exploring the Relationship between Social Environment and Customer Experience. Asian Social Science , pp.130-41. Nelson, D.L. Quick, J.C., 2013. Organizational Behavior: Science, The Real World, and You. United States : Cengage Learning. Ritzer, G., 2014. The McDonaldization of Society. United Kingdom : SAGE. Rose, M., 2014. Reward Management. United States : Kogan Page Publishers. Saks, A.M., Haccoun, R.R. Belcourt, M., 2010. Managing Performance Through Training and Development. United States : Cengage Learning.

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The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships

The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships The world has experienced dramatic changes in the way business is conducted and also in the way information on a particular event, occurrence or product is disseminated. The world has also experienced great technological advancements that have given people easy accessibility to information on almost everything that a person may be interested in (Waters, Tindall and Morton 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This, together with the dynamic force of change that constantly face business world, has led to the need for a new approach in the way a business entity carries out its activities in order to have a successful sales campaign for its products. One way that businesses have responded to the changes in the business world is through the increase in public relation a ctivities which aim at promoting the products to the target markets by engaging in what is valued by the target customers. In public relations, a business aims to achieve the objective of creating a positive relationship between its customers, the product and the organisation itself through various means of communication (Strà ¶mbck, Mitrook and Kiousis 2010). It is also aimed at creating a good image for the organisation, managing any crisis that may face a company or its product and also creating goodwill in the eye of the general public. A business can also create an exchange system between business partners and itself with the aim of achieving mutual benefit for both sides of the bargain. This is referred to as the relationship marketing and is aimed at achieving the objective of creating customer loyalty for products offered by the company, interaction between the company and the market it serves, and the retention of the market share commanded by the company (Botan and Taylor 2004). This objective is achievable through the provision of relevant information to the customers on the products offered by the company and support information about the right usage of such products. This has the ability to create a pool of repeat customers, who are willing to see the success of the company through the provision of relevant information on market needs and referrals. PR as a corporate activity has been impacted heavily by the advancement of technology. With computer terminals having the ability to receive information, edit such information and also to send information, a new approach to PR activities is inevitable. Matters have been complicated by the fact that information on various activities, products, and the industry in general is now available in the data banks over the internet (Grunig 2006).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The advancement of technology especially in the communication sector has also affected the way of life of societies besides creating a new pool of opportunities for business organisations. One of the opportunities presented to PR activities is the ability to produce personalized information that target a specific market niche. Feedback from the market is now possible and the assessment of the effectiveness of the public relations activities is now possible. Various theories have been proposed to explain public relations. One of such theories is the symmetrical approach which employs the concept of four models. According to this approach, the main objective of the public relations is to champion the interest of the organisation that sponsors public relation activities. This is in contrast with the asymmetrical model proposed early which view public relations as a concept aimed at promoting the interests of both the organisation and the general public. The views of the symmetric approach are conside red not only unrealistic, but also idealistic since by hiring public relation experts, a company aims at the promotion of its interests rather than trying to promote the impression of a perfect organisation in order to win the interest of the stakeholders outside the organisation, who may have different views other than those held by the organisation. Public relations are considered to be based on ethics (Health 2006). However, the question of justification of ethics in term of monetary returns to the organisation arises. Another school of thought that has been advanced to conceptualise public relations is the rhetoric theory. The theory gives rhetoric dialogue as the process through which influence and conclusions can be found. According to Hung (2009), this can be achieved in two ways; one of the ways involves engagement of groups in exchange of statements and counter statements on the products offered, public policies and the services with a view of assessing the way each group v iew values and realities. In this dialogue, the PR professionals and the clients engage in persuasive discourse (Roper, 2005). Rhetoric theory on public relations and the symmetric theory agree on the fact that ethics should be practiced on a level ground. It also supports the views of the asymmetric theory on the assertion of the idea that public policies and ideas should stand in the market place on their own based on merit. However, this view by the proponents’ rhetoric approach is criticized by public relation critics who argue that the rationale proposed by the rhetoric theory fails to make public relations more ethical, unless there is equal distribution of resources to the involved public.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effectiveness of Public Relations and Relationship Marketing to the Successful Promotion of Winbeldon Championships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The relational approach to publ ic relations also tries to explain the roles of the public relations to the organisation (Li and Bernoff 2008). This approach takes an organisation and the society at large into perspective and successfully gives the true meaning to public relations. This theory takes into account the relationship that exists between organisations that fund the public relations activities, and the public through which an organisation intends to promote its products, in which openness, efficiency, cooperation, commitment and credibility are enhanced (Sweetser and Metzgar 2007). This approach fails to compare with the other two in as much as the main aspect on the nature of the relationship is concerned. In this case, the relationship in most cases may not be symmetrical. The management of relationship is considered instrumental rather than an approach towards public relations activity. It is considered to be the advancement of goodwill in public relations. Wimbledon Championship draws great interest in the sporting world. The event which was staged in 2011 was considered to be of great importance given the fact that it was the culmination of the improvement of the Wimbledon tennis lawn which had started back in 1993. This international sporting event has a rich history that dates back in 1977. The first event featured the England tennis croquet club which was started in Wimbledon as a private organisation back in 1865. Initially, the event featured participants from England, but later became an international event attracting participants from as far as the United States of America. The interest to participate in this event in 1954 was boosted by the advancement of air travel technology which made it easier for the international players to participate in the event easily. However the participation remained closed to most countries until 1968 when it was opened for different categories of international players. The reason why the lawn tennis club was closed down for major improve ment was to improve future participation and to reach the standards recommended by the international sports organisations. The 2011 event also involved commemoration of 125 years since the inception of the event. The Wimbledon championship had various stakeholders that included the tennis club members, volunteers, management, press and the tennis club staffs. On the other hand, the event attracted external stakeholders that included international players, federations, general public and spectators from all over the world.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The analysis of the strategies employed by the internal stakeholders reveals a number of important factors. First, there was the formulation of objectives which aimed at keeping these stakeholders focused on the work. This enabled the staffs to concentrate on the goals that had been set for them. There was the establishment of three types of professional programs for the purpose of development by the organisation management for staff members, management and other participants in the preparation of the event (Hallahan 2009). The aim of this development was to create enthusiasm among all internal stakeholders on what they were doing. Some programs introduced were web site based, while others were offered offline and also through seminars and conferences on development. Another key management tool employed by the Wimbledon championship management committee involved the rounding of employees in all departments involved in the preparation of the Wimbledon event (Kim, 2011). There were in teractions between managers and employees, as well as participants and volunteers in the course of execution of work or through informal meetings where small groups of employees would be invited to attend. The aim of this was to improve the relationship that existed between management, employees and volunteers. It also helped to improve the process through which information flowed and ideas exchanged among all internal stakeholders. There was also employment of appreciation and recognition strategy which involved implementation of feasible ideas suggested by the stakeholders. These stakeholders would be recognized and then appreciated in ways that encouraged further participation by all members (Lawson, 2006). The recognitions would mainly be done in meetings or on a one-on-one basis. There was also the creation of a balance between personal life and the work life which allowed members to take part in events such as charity work, physical exercises and voluntary activities in the co mmunity. The organizers of the Wimbledon championship relied on the web site to disseminate information on the progress of the event to the interested parties outside the organisation (Kirby and Marsden, 2005). This web site gave schedules of events that made up the tournament, posted results of completed events and also provided any other information considered important for the success of the event. There was also the establishment of the media room manned by the public relations officers in the organisation. The purpose of this media room was to keep the general public updated on the events that took place in the championship. The messages relayed by the public relations department to the media were always in consistence with the information that was displayed by the organisation on its website. The public was invited to comment on various issues by leaving their comments on the organisation’s website. The organisers of the event also employed press releases to communicate to external stakeholders in order to supplement the online media (Harrison, 2000). Due to the nature of participation which involved international players, the organizers allowed major broadcasters across the globe to air this event. This served as a public relations activity that was aimed at creating a positive image for the event before the eyes of the public. There was also development of documentaries that highlighted important issues about the championship which included the history of the tournament. The Wimbledon event organizers also tried to create positive public relations in the society by engaging in community services and other support activities. Various donations were made to the society by the event organizers with the aim of improving community welfare. A portion of returns from this event was also ploughed back to the society in the form of contribution towards a good course such the sponsorship of junior tennis tournament. The organizers also contributed towards the establishment of the education museum to be used for leisure purposes by students. The event was successful through the employment of both the public relations and the relationship marketing. Through their public relations activities, they were able to win a positive image and generate a high income (Halligan and Shah, 2010). Here, the relationship between the organisation and the public had beneficial outcomes. The event was able to collect high returns and the society was able to benefit from various development projects initiated by the organisation. Reference List Botan, C., H. Taylor, M. 2004. ‘Public Relations: State of the Field’, Journal of Communication. Vol 54 No. 4. Pp 645-661. Grunig, J., E. 2006. ‘Furnishing the Edifice: Ongoing Research on Public Relations as a Strategic Management Function’, Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol 18 No. 2.Pp 151-176. Hallahan, K. 2009. ‘Seven Models of Framing: Implications for Public Relations ’. Journal of Public Relations Research Vol. 11, no. 3, 1999 pages 205-242. Routledge Halligan, B., Shah, D. 2010. Inbound Marketing, get found using Google, social media and blogs. Wiley Sons, Inc, New York. Harrison, S. 2000. Public Relations: an Introduction, 2nd Edition, Thomson: London. Health, R., L. 2006. ‘Onward Into More Fog: Thoughts on Public Relations Research Directions’, Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol 18 No 2.Pp 93-114. Hung, C., F. 2009. ‘Exploring Types of Organization–Public Relationships and Their Implications for Relationship Management in Public Relations’, Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol. 17 No. 4.Pp 393-426. Kim, S. 2011. Transferring Effects of CSR Strategy on Consumer Responses: The Synergistic Model of Corporate Communication Strategy. Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 245-297. Routledge, London. Kirby, J. and Marsden, K. 2005. Connected Marketing. Butterworth-Heinemann, Ne w York. Lawson, R. 2006. The PR buzz factor: how using public relations can boost your business, Kogan Page, London. Li, C. Bernoff, J. 2008. Groundswell, winning in a world transformed by social technologies. Harvard Business Press: London. Roper, J. 2005. ‘Symmetrical Communication: Excellent Public Relations or a Strategy for Hegemony?’ Journal of Public Relations Research.Vol 17 No. 1.Pp69-86. Strà ¶mbck, J., Mitrook, M., A. Kiousis, S. 2010. ‘Bridging Two Schools of Thought: Applications of Public Relations Theory to Political Marketing’. Journal of Political Marketing. Vol 9, No. 1-2, 2010 pages 73-92. Sweetser, K., D. Metzgar, E. 2007.‘Communicating during crisis: Use of blogs as a relationship management tool’, Public Relations Review.Vol 33 No. 3.Pp 340-342. Waters, D., R.,Tindall, T., J. . Morton, T., S. 2010. ‘Media Catching and the Journalist–Public Relations Practitioner Relationship: How Social Media are Changing the Practice of Media Relations’. Journal of Public Relations Research. Vol 22, no.3, pp. 245-267.